Computer problems are frustrating. Becoming frustrated during the troubleshooting process will only lead to more problems. So the important thing to do first is take a deep breath, think happy thoughts, and plan out your course of action. Have tools ready, restore disks and drivers. This will save you time and patience.
Before you begin, jot down notes about any recent activity you have taken: Have there been any software changes? Did you recently add any new hardware? Did you unplug the PC and move it across the room?
If there have been no changes to the PC or its environment, then its time to pay attention to precisely what happens, if anything, when the PC boots.
Your first clues will be given during the POWER ON SELF TEST (POST). A successful test results in a short, single beep. This means that the BIOS received no errors from the hardware initializing during the boot process. If there was a problem, the BIOS would issue a beep code specific to the BIOS manufacturer that describes the nature of the problem. It is important to know what BIOS is on your motherboard. You can determine this by watching the name that flashes in the upper left corner during boot, or by opening the case open and looking for the BIOS chip. Common BIOS manufacturers are AMI BIOS, AWARD and PHOENIX. An example of an Award BIOS beep code for a video card problem would be one long beep followed by two short beeps.
If you get no beep code, and everything seems to be spinning inside the case, then the main culprit is probably the processor.
Memory – Memory errors could generate a “201: Memory Error” message on the screen. Any error codes beginning with 2 indicate a memory error.
Keyboard – a problem with the keyboard will result in a “301: Keyboard Failure” error message followed by a short beep. System may halt or may ignore the error.
Floppy – any problems will result in a “601: Floppy Disk” error code appearing on the screen.
The Power Supply, or PSU, is another main culprit in hardware failures. The Power Supply is the first connection to the outside world and can be damaged by unclean power, brown-outs, spikes and blackouts. The PSU will appear to function normally, but may actually be damaged. If you're lucky nothing will happen when you press the power button. Nothing at all. But usually the lights will flash, the hard drives will spin, and you will immediately eliminate the PSU because it appears to be functioning correctly. Thus, you are taken down a frustrating road of trial and error while attempting to find the source of the hardware problem.
Since power supplies are relatively inexpensive and by far the easiest piece of hardware to swap out. We recommend replacing this first if there are no POST codes or hints to any other device being bad.
Software Troubleshooting
If the PC passes the POST, the hard drive begins to load the operating system into memory. Software now takes over and will sometimes generate errors at this point. If you cannot boot properly at this point in the game, then you should first see if you can get into SAFE MODE. Safe Mode is accomplished by repeatedly pressing the F8 key during this critical moment. A new menu will appear with boot options. You can choose Safe Mode here or a Step by Step Confirmation that will ask you to confirm when loading devices and drivers. Keep your note pad handy because if you choose this option, you will need to know exactly what failed.
If, by luck, you are able to get into Windows, you can then run Scandisk (or CHKDSK) to determine if something is wrong with the file structure. Or you can navigate to the Device Manager in the Control Panel (under SYSTEM) to get a visual on any devices that have errors or or conflicts. You can disable hardware here or update drivers.
In Conclusion
Whatever the problem is, it's important to take a step back and look at the situation. Is it hardware or software? Did I change anything? Do I have a backup? Maybe I should simply reformat and reinstall? Or perhaps I have a virus or Trojan?
Routinely backup your important documents, do basic preventive maintenance on the fans and keyboard with compress air, use an Uninterruptible Power Source for your power supply, routinely update your virus definitions, and defrag monthly. These are a few of the basic techniques that will keep things running smooth.
PC Troubleshooting Tips
“I Didn't Do It!” We've all heard it before. Whether you're a help desk technician, a system administrator, or just the whiz kid nephew that the whole family calls for PC help, you're familiar with this response. Dealing with computer problems can be frustrating enough, even without having to start from scratch due to a user who can't tell you what went wrong. This is why it's vital to have a game plan when diagnosing a sick PC. The intention of this article is to walk you through the logical troubleshooting process.
Step 1: Re-Create The Problem
Ask the user to demonstrate the problem. This is an important step, because sometimes the problem lies not with the hardware but with the user. By actually having the client show you what is happening, you can garner much more information than by assuming the client is correct in his or her diagnosis. For example, a user is complaining that his “sound card doesn't work,” when in fact the power adapter is unplugged from the speakers.
Step 2: Determine If The Problem Is Hardware Or Software (or, gasp, both!)
Determining if the problem lies in hardware can sometimes be accomplished by using some basic senses. Listen for POST beeps, bad cooling fans, or the infamous click-click-click of a bad hard drive. Smell for burning parts. Watch the computer POST and look for error codes. Software problems usually occur more along the lines of crashes, system hangs, error messages, and the like.
Step 3: Divide and Conquer
Isolate the problem by dividing it into logical areas . For example, if the computer produces an error when reading from a DVD, the logical place to look is the DVD drive system. This system consists of the DVD disc, the drive itself, the components that tell the drive what to do, the cable that connects the drive to the motherboard, and the software being used to read the disc. Any of these can cause an error. Your task is to determine where the problem lies. Test and rule out each part of the system until you find the faulty link in the chain.
Step 4: Fix The Problem Or Test A Different Theory
Once the problem has been isolated, repair can begin. Swap the part, change settings, update software, etc. If your solution doesn't work, start the troubleshooting process over again at the appropriate step. Be sure to take notes. This step can be frustrating, but logic will eventually prevail.
Step 5: Test The Solution
Don't immediately assume that you have totally repaired the PC. Occasionally, fixing one problem can cause or reveal others. Test the computer yourself and then have the user test it, under normal operating conditions, to prove that the problem has been solved.
Step 6: Provide Feedback To The User
This is often the most overlooked step of the troubleshooting process. I have seen many technicians who fail terribly at this juncture due to lack of patience, extensive use of technical terms, or just plain being condescending. If a user is paying you to work on an issue, they have a right to know exactly what went wrong and how it was fixed. Explain the problem and the solution to your client, without using overly technical terms. Don't assume that your client is less than intelligent just because they don't share your passion for technology. Remember, your technical prowess may get you the job, but your people skills will ensure that you keep it.
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The following advice is based on many years of experience. They are provided as a free service to our customers and visitors. However, www.geox445.ucoz.com is not responsible for any damage as a result of following any of these advises. You are welcome to distribute these tips free to your friends and associates as long as it's not for commercial purposes.
More than 70% of all computer problems are related to cabling and connections. Ensure all cables are connected and connected firmly. IDE and floppy ribbon cables and power cables can often go loose. Ensure microprocessor, memory modules, and adapters such as video card are inserted correctly and didn't "pop-up" due to vibration.
System has no power at all. Power light does not illuminate, fan inside the power supply does not turn on, and indicator light on keyboard does not turn on.
PROBABLE CAUSE
DIAGNOSIS
SOLUTION
Power cable is unplugged.
Visually inspect power cable.
Make sure power cable is securely plugged in.
Defective power cable.
Visual inspection, try another cable.
Replace cable.
Power supply failure.
Power cable and wall socket are OK, but system is still dead.
Contact technical support
Faulty wall outlet;circuit breaker or fuse blown.
Plug device into socket know to work and test.
Use different socket, repair outlet, reset circuit breaker or replace fuse.
System inoperative. Keyboard lights are on, power indicator lights are lit, and hard drive is spinning.
PROBABLE CAUSE
DIAGNOSIS
SOLUTION
Expansion card is partially dislodged from expansion slot on the motherboard.
Turn off computer. Take cover off system unit. Check all expansion cards to ensure they are securely seated in slots.
Using even pressure on both ends of the expansion card, press down firmly on expansion card.
Defective floppy disk drive or tape drive.
Turn system off. Disconnect the cables from one of the floppy drives. Turn on the system, check to see if the keyboard operates normally. Repeat until you have located defective unit.
Contact Technical Support.
Defective expansion card.
Turn computer off. Remove an expansion card.
Make sure expansion card is secure in expansion socket.
System does not boot from hard disk drive, can be booted from floppy disk drive.
PROBABLE CAUSE
DIAGNOSIS
SOLUTION
Connector between hard drive and system board unplugged.
When attempting to run the FDISK utility described in the HARD DISK section of the manual you get a message, INVALID DRIVE SPECIFICATION.
Check cable running form disk to disk controller on the board. Make sure both ends are securely plugged in; check the drive type in the Standard CMOS Setup (in your motherboard manual).
Damaged Hard Disk or Disk Controller.
Format hard disk; if unable to do so, the hard disk may be defective.
Contact Technical Support.
Hard Disk directory or FAT is scrambled.
Run the FDISK program, format the hard drive(See HARD DRIVE section of manual). Copy your backup data back onto hard drive.
Backing up the hard drive is extremely important. All Hard Disks are capable of breaking down at any time.
System only boots from Floppy Disk. Hard Disk can be read and applications can be used, but booting from Hard Disk is impossible.
PROBABLE CAUSE
DIAGNOSIS
SOLUTION
Hard Disk boot program has been destroyed.
A number of causes could be behind this.
Back up data and applications files. Reformat the Hard Drive as described in the Hard Drive section of the manual. Re-install applications and data using backup disks.
Error message reading "SECTOR NOT FOUND" or other error messages indication certain data is not allowed to be retrieved.
PROBABLE CAUSE
DIAGNOSIS
SOLUTION
A number of causes could be behind this.
Use a file by file backup instead of an image backup to backup the Hard Disk.
Back up any salvageable data. Then do a low level format, partition, and high level format of the hard drive( see Hard Disk section of your manual for instructions). Re-install all saved data when completed.
Disk formatted on IBM PS/2 will not operate with this system.
PROBABLE CAUSE
DIAGNOSIS
SOLUTION
The IBM PS/2 uses a different format than other computers.
IBM PS/2 disk format will not work in an AT type computer.
Format disk in the AT type computer insert disk into the IBM PS/2 and copy the files you wish.
After install an expansion card (network card, tape drive card, etc.) the system no longer works properly.
PROBABLE CAUSE
DIAGNOSIS
SOLUTION
No power to monitor.
All or part of the system may be inoperable. The new card may work but a mouse or COM port may not work.
Change the interrupt or RAM address on the new expansion card. See the documentation that came with the new card in order to change pin settings. many expansion devices come with proprietary software that will assist you in doing this.
Screen message says "Invalid Configuration" or "CMOS Failure."
PROBABLE CAUSE
DIAGNOSIS
SOLUTION
Incorrect information entered into the configuration (setup) program.
Check the configuration program. Replace any incorrect information.
Review system's equipment. Make sure correct information is in setup.
Trouble Shooting Tips after Installing a New Video Card
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The following advises are based on many years of experience. They are provided as a free service to our customers and visitors. However, www.geox445.ucoz.com is not responsible for any damage as a result of following any of these advises. You are welcome to distribute these tips free to your friends and associates as long as it's not for commercial purposes.
The following troubleshooting tips may help if you experience problems.
Check that the card is seated properly in its expansion slot. Some AGP cards have design flaws and are "well-known" to "pop out" during transportation. For PCI cards, if the problem still exists, try a difference PCI expansion slot.
Ensure the display cable is securely fastened to the card's display connector.
Make sure that the display and computer are plugged in and receiving power.
If necessary, disable any built-in graphics capabilities on your motherboard. For more information, see your computer's manual.
Make sure you selected the appropriate display device and graphics card when you installed your enhanced driver.
If you have problems during start-up, start your computer in Safe Mode. In Windows 98, press the F8 key when "Starting Windows 98" appears; or, in Windows 98, press and hold the CTRL key until the Windows 98 Startup Menu appears on the screen. Then select the number for Safe Mode, and press Enter.
If a problem persists, please search for a solution or post a question in our tech support forum .
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This article describes how to partition and format a hard disk with Microsoft Windows XP. Learn about your partitioning and formatting options, what to consider before you partition or format your hard disk, and how to partition and format your hard disk. Additionally, this article contains links to resources that can help you troubleshoot if problems occur.
This step-by-step article describes how to partition and format a hard disk with Windows XP.
Before you can install an operating system, you must first create a primary partition on the first physical hard disk (Disk 0) on your computer, and then format a file system on that partition. This partition is named the System partition. Alternatively, you can create a separate partition for the operating system on any physical hard disk. This is named the startup partition. The System partition on Disk 0 can also be used as a startup partition
You can use the Microsoft Windows XP Setup program or the Fdisk and Format tools to partition and format System and startup partitions.
For additional information about how to use Fdisk and Format to partition and format your hard disk, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
If your computer is already running Windows XP, and you want to create partitions other than the System or the startup partitions, you can use the Windows XP Disk Management tools.
For additional information about how to use the Windows XP Disk Management tools to partition and format your hard disk, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
Consider the following questions before you partition and format your hard disk:
Have you prepared the hard disk by following the manufacturer's instructions?
Set the jumpers and the cabling according to the role of the hard disk (for example, master or subordinate) and make any required BIOS (or CMOS) changes. See the documentation that came with your hard disk and motherboard, or contact the manufacturers.
What type of file system do you want to use?
You can use either the FAT or NTFS file systems.
For additional information about the differences between the FAT and NTFS file systems, click the following article numbers to view the articles in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
Does the hard disk already contain data? If yes, have you backed up all your important data?
If not, back up your data before you continue. When you partition and format a hard disk, all the data on that partition is permanently deleted. You can view current partition information without deleting your data.
For additional information about how to use the backup utility or the Files and Settings Transfer Wizard, click the following article numbers to view the articles in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
Does the hard disk have a drive overlay or a disk management program?
If your computer uses drive overlay software for large hard disk support, do not use the Windows XP Setup program to partition or to format the drive until you have verified Windows XP compatibility with the software manufacturer. If you do not know whether you have drive overlay software installed, contact the software manufacturer before you continue.
Do you have the floppy disks or the CD-ROMs that you need to reinstall your software?
Make sure that you have the software so that you can reinstall your programs after you partition and format your drive. If you purchased an upgrade for a program, make sure that you have the full version of the original program. Many upgrades for programs require a compliance check before you can install the upgraded product. If you cannot find the original floppy disks or CD-ROMs, contact the software manufacturer before you continue.
Do you have updated device drivers backed up on storage other than the drive that you want to format and partition?
If you have installed an updated device driver for your peripheral devices (for example, modems and printers), make sure that you back up the new driver for the device to a location other than the drive that you want to format and partition. Therefore, you can reinstall it after you install your operating system.
Can you start your computer from the CD-ROM drive?
Important If you follow these steps on a hard disk that is not empty, all the data on that hard disk is permanently deleted. We recommend that you back up your hard disk before you follow these steps.
To partition and format your hard disk by using the Windows XP Setup program:
1. Insert the Windows XP CD-ROM into your CD-ROM drive or DVD-ROM drive, or insert the first Windows XP Setup disk into the floppy disk drive, and then restart the computer.
Note To start your computer from the Windows XP CD-ROM (or from the startup disk), your computer must be configured to start from the CD-ROM drive, the DVD-ROM drive, or the floppy disk drive. In some cases, you may have to modify your computer's BIOS settings to set this configuration. For information about how to configure your computer to start from the CD-ROM drive, the DVD-ROM drive, or the floppy disk drive, see the documentation that is included with your computer, or contact the computer manufacturer.
2. If you are starting the computer from the Windows XP CD-ROM, select any options that are required to start the computer from the CD-ROM drive if you are prompted to do this.
Note If your hard disk controller requires a third-party original equipment manufacturer (OEM) driver, press F6 to specify the driver.
For additional information about how to use F6 to supply a third-party OEM device driver while the Windows Setup program is running, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
314859 Limited OEM driver support is available with F6 during Windows XP Setup If you are starting from the Windows XP Setup disks, insert each of the additional disks when you are prompted, and then press ENTER to continue after you insert each disk.
3. At the Welcome to Setup page, press ENTER.
4. Press F8 to accept the Windows XP Licensing Agreement.
5. If an existing Windows XP installation is detected, you are prompted to repair it. To bypass the repair, press ESC.
6. All the existing partitions and the unpartitioned spaces are listed for each physical hard disk. Use the ARROW keys to select the partition or the unpartitioned space where you want to create a new partition. Press D to delete an existing partition, or press C to create a new partition by using unpartitioned space. If you press D to delete an existing partition, you must then press L (or press ENTER, and then press L if it is the System partition) to confirm that you want to delete the partition. Repeat this step for each of the existing partitions that you want to use for the new partition. When all the partitions are deleted, select the remaining unpartitioned space, and then press C to create the new partition.
Note If you want to create a partition where one or more partitions already exist, you must first delete the existing partition or partitions, and then create the new partition.
7. Type the size in megabytes (MB) that you want to use for the new partition, and then press ENTER, or just press ENTER to create the partition with the maximum size.
8. Repeat Steps 4 and 5 to create additional partitions if you want them.
9. If you want to install Windows XP, use the ARROW keys to select the partition where you want to install Windows XP, and then press ENTER. If you do not want to format the partition and install Windows XP, press F3 two times to quit the Windows Setup program, and then do not follow the remaining steps. In this case, you must use a different utility to format the partition.
10. Select the format option that you want to use for the partition, and then press ENTER. You have the following options:
Format the partition by using the NTFS file system (Quick)
Format the partition by using the FAT file system (Quick)
Format the partition by using the NTFS file system
Format the partition by using the FAT file system
Leave the current file system intact (no changes)
The option to leave the current file system intact is not available if the selected partition is a new partition. The FAT file system option is not available if the selected partition is more than 32 gigabytes (GB). If the partition is larger than 2 GB, the Windows Setup program uses the FAT32 file system (you must press ENTER to confirm). If the partition is smaller than 2 GB, the Windows Setup program uses the FAT16 file system.
Note If you deleted and created a new System partition, but you are installing Windows XP on a different partition, you will be prompted to select a file system for both the System and startup partitions. 11. After the Windows Setup program formats the partition, follow the instructions that appear on the screen to continue. After the Windows Setup program is completed, you can use the Disk Management tools in Windows XP to create or format more partitions.
For additional information about how to use the Windows XP Disk Management tools to partition and format your hard disk, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
For additional information about how to troubleshoot partition problems in Windows XP, click the following article numbers to view the articles in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
For additional information about how to create and manage partitions in Windows XP, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
Originally published by Microsoft on Support.Microsoft.com. Copyright Microsoft.
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The following article is based on years of experience. It is provided as a free service to our customers and visitors. However, Directron.com is not responsible for any damage as a result of following any of this advice.
Copying the contents for commercial purposes is strictly prohibited without Directron.com's written consent. However, you are welcome to distribute these computer support tips free to your friends and associates as long as it's not for commercial purposes and you acknowledge the source. You are permitted and encouraged to create links to this page from your own web site.
If you use your computer more than a few hours per day, we suggest you not to turn off your computer at the end of the day. Instead turn off only the monitor to save electricity. Daily power up and down makes the components exposed to high and low temperature cycles that are not good for the life-time of the components, particularly the critical ones such as hard drives, CPU, and memory. The temperature cycle would result in expansion-shrinking cycle for the components. The life-time of electronic components would be increased if they are run at constant temperature with adequate ventilation.
If your area experiences a few times of power outage per year, it is necessary to use a UPS. Sudden power downs while the system is running may cause severe damage to hard drives.
A tape backup and a lock to make systems hard to move are worthy investment for critical data.
Use your hand to touch and feel the cover of your computer at least once a week. The cover should be at room temperature. If it feels warm there may be a problem! Check to make sure that the cooling fans on the power supply and CPU are working properly. Clean the air pathway on the back of the power supply on a regular basis.
If a problem persists, please search for a solution or post a question in our tech support forum.
If you find this article useful, please create a link to it from your website or tell a friend about it. If you have any comments or suggestions about this article, please email geobreak29@gmail.com
You are encouraged to make links to this article from your website and tell your friends
The following advises are based on many years of experience. They are provided as a free service to our customers and visitors. However, Directron.com is not responsible for any damage as a result of following any of these advises. You are welcome to distribute these tips free to your friends and associates as long as it's not for commercial purposes.
No sound is heard from audio (music) CDs Various conditions may cause this problem. To troubleshoot, check the following:
Microsoft Volume Control or your mixer program mute options and volume sliders.
Connect headphones to the stereo phone jack on your CD-ROM drive’s front panel; adjust the volume control settings on the drive. If there is sound from your headphones, check the CD audio cable connection from the CD-ROM drive to the audio card.
Ensure the speakers are properly connected to the audio card’s output connector.
Joystick port is not working To troubleshoot, check the following:
The audio card joystick port conflicts with another joystick port in the system. Disable the audio card joystick port, and use the system’s joystick port.
The joystick drivers, MSJSTICK.DRV and VJOYD.VXD, may not be installed. Uninstall the joystick, then reinstall to load the drivers. The drivers should come with the driver CD or floppy diskette with your sound card.
Computer hangs or restarts during installation A hardware conflict may cause the computer to hang or restart during the installation procedure. Check the following to resolve the conflict:
A hardware conflict with another device in your system.
Previously installed sound card hardware or software needs to be removed.
The audio card is not seated in the slot properly.
PCI bus mastering devices may be interfering with the operation of the audio card. Temporarily remove non-essential PCI bus mastering devices.
Resolving hardware conflicts Hardware conflicts occur when two or more devices contend for the same resources. Conflicts between your audio card and another device may occur regarding the I/O address, IRQ line, or DMA channel:
Right-click the My Computer icon on your desktop, and select Properties. The System Properties dialog appears.
Click the Device Manager tab. In the Device Manager, a plus sign(+) represents an expandable list of items. A minus sign (-) represents an expanded list. A circled exclamation mark denotes a conflict.
Double-click Sound, video, game controllers. A list of multimedia devices appears.
Select your audio card.
Choose the Propertis button.
Click the Resources tab.
Uncheck the Use automatic settings option.
Change "Settings based on:" if alternate settings are available.
Determine the conflict by reviewing the "Conflicting device list".
Select the conflicting item in the "Resource Settings" list.
Click the Change Settings button.
Use the mouse to select a new setting.
Select OK to close each of the properties windows, and restart your computer.
Audio card is not automatically detected To manually configure your audio card for Windows 95/98:
Click "Start" on the taskbar, and select Settings from the Start menu.
Select Control Panel. The Control Panel group appears.
Double-click the Add New Hardware icon. The Add New Hardware Wizard dialog appears.
Select Next to continue.
Choose Yes to have Windows search for new hardware, then select Next
Select Next to continue.
Select Finish, and follow the prompts to complete the new hardware installation.
CD does not automatically run when you insert it in the drive To enable the "Audio insert notification" feature:
Right-click the My Computer icon on your desktop, and select Properties. The System Properties dialog appears.
Click the Device Manager tab. A list of devices appears.
Double-click CD-ROM, and select your CD-ROM drive.
Choose the Properties button. The CD-ROM drive properties dialog appears.
Choose the Settings tab.
Click the "Auto insert notification" option to enable.
Select OK until all Properties dialogs are closed, and restart Windows for the changes to take effect.
No sound is heard from speakers Verify the following:
Check the Microsoft Volume Control or the Audio Mixer Program mute options and volume sliders.
Ensure the speakers are properly connected to the audio card’s output connector.
Check the volume control and power connection of the speakers, if they are amplified. (Refer to the speakers documentation for detailed information).
Ensure a hardware conflict does not exist between your audio card and another device in your system.
PCI bus mastering devices may be interfering with the operation of the audio card. Temporarily remove non-essential PCI bus mastering devices. If the device is a display card, upgrade the display card drivers, or set the card to the default Windows VGA mode.
If you are experiencing no sound only during audio CD playback, see "No sound is heard from audio (music) CDs" above.
Static sounds are heard in wave files Check to see if the static sounds are heard in all wave files. If the difficulty occurs only with certain games, refer to the software manufacturer’s documentation. To troubleshoot static sounds heard in all wave files:
Try different resource settings for the audio card, or set the card to use low DMA.
Move the audio card to another PCI slot. Feedback from the power supply or another device may be responsible.
If a problem persists, please search for a solution or post a question in our tech support forum.
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The computer POST (Power On Self Test) tests the computer, insuring that it meets the necessary system requirements and that all hardware is working properly before starting the remainder of the boot process. If the computer passes the POST the computer will have a single beep (with some computer BIOS manufacturers it may beep twice) as the computer starts and the computer will continue to start normally. However, if the computer fails the POST, the computer will either not beep at all or will generate a beep code, which tells the user the source of the problem.
The steps of a POST
Each time the computer boots up the computer must past the POST. Below is the common steps a POST performs each time your computer starts.
Test the power supply to ensure that it is turned on and that it releases its reset signal.
CPU must exit the reset status mode and thereafter be able to execute instructions.
BIOS checksum must be valid, meaning that it must be readable.
CMOS checksum must be valid, meaning that it must be readable.
CPU must be able to read all forms of memory such as the memory controller, memory bus, and memory module.
The first 64KB of memory must be operational and have the capability to be read and written to and from, and capable of containing the POST code.
I/O bus must be able to write / read from the video subsystem and be able to read all video RAM.
If the computer does not pass any of the above tests, your computer will receive an irregular POST. An irregular POST is a beep code that is different from the standard one or two beeps. This could be either no beeps at all or a combination of different beeps indicating what is causing the computer not to past the POST.
If you're receiving an irregular POST document CH000607 contains all the steps a user can do to resolve the issue or help determine what hardware has failed in the computer so it can be replaced. If you're getting a beep code the remainder of this page contains a listing of each of the major manufacturers beep codes and what they each mean.
AMI BIOS beep codes
Below are the AMI BIOS Beep codes that can occur. However, because of the wide variety of different computer manufacturers with this BIOS, the beep codes may vary.
Below are Award BIOS Beep codes that can occur. However, because of the wide variety of different computer manufacturers with this BIOS, the beep codes may vary.
Beep Code
Description
Document
1 long, 2 short
Indicates a video error has occurred and the BIOS cannot initialize the video screen to display any additional information
This document has been created as a location of general steps that can be taken to help you with problems you may be experiencing with computer games.
Below are some reasons why a user may follow the steps in this document.
Unknown or undocumented problem with a computer game.
Issue with the performance or stability of a game.
Solutions:
Click on one or more of the below links that matches the issue you are experiencing. If you are having issues with installing a MS-DOS game in Windows, please see document CH000587.
Verify the diskettes or CD are readable by reading the files from the drive. For example, MicrosoftWindows users can explore the drive in Windows explorer. If the CD attempts to AutoPlay, you may need to right-click the drive and click Explore to browse the drive. If you are having problems with reading a CD, please see document CH000212.
If the CD reads fine with no errors, verify your computer meets the minimum requirements of the game. If your computer does not have enough disk drive space or does not meet the requirements, the game may not install.
Make sure the game you are installing is compatible with the version of operating system you have on your computer. For example, many older games developed for MS-DOS or Windows 95 may not work or are incompatible with the later versions of Windows.
If you are using the AutoPlay menu to install the game, try executing the setup.exe or install.exe directly from the floppy diskettes or from the CD instead of the AutoPlay setup menu.
If you are getting stopped at the CD-KEY or Serial Number verification, verify you are entering your correct number. If you lost your number or key or it does not work, you will need to contact the developer of the game. Computer Hope will not provide any users with an alternate number or key.
Other programs running in the background can cause issues with the program install. Make sure all programs and TSRs are closed; additional information about closing all programs can be found on document CHTSR. If you still continue to run into issues try installing the program from Safe Mode.
Error during install
Verify your computer meets the requirements of the game. For example, if your computer runs out of disk space during the installation, this would cause an error during the installation.
Verify the CD is clean and contains no significant scratches. Information about how to clean a CD and a CD-ROM can be found on our cleaning page.
Other programs running in the background can cause issues with the program install. Make sure all programs and TSRs are closed; additional information about closing all programs can be found on document CHTSR. If you still continue to run into issues, try installing the program from Safe Mode.
Game does not load or has an error when it attempts to load
If the game is a CD game, make sure the correct CD is in the computer when attempting to play the game. In some cases it may be necessary to have the first or last CD in the computer when attempting to play the game.
Verify the game documentation makes no mention of the error you are experiencing. Many times the error and explanation to how to resolve the error are already documented.
Verify no patches or updates are available from the developer of the game. See our game developer page for a listing of links to game company pages. Many times the game developer will list the available drivers. If you are not sure who the developer of a game is, use a popular search engine and search for drivers for your game. In most cases a game will start out as version 1.0.
If the game utilizes Microsoft DirectX it is possible you may have an issue with DirectX that was caused during the installation of another game or program. Make sure you have the latest version of DirectX installed on the computer. Additional information about DirectX can be found on our DirectX page.
Some games may require other programs such as OpenGL or QuickTime to be installed in order to play them. If you did not install all the programs during the installation, try running the install again.
Make sure all other programs are closed when you attempt to run the game.
Make sure the computer has been rebooted at least once after the game has been installed. In some cases the game may install files that are not initialized until the computer has been rebooted.
If computer is overclocked try reducing the speed back to the computer's correct settings to ensure that the overclocked settings are not causing the issue.
If the above recommendations do not resolve your issues, attempt to install the game again.
Game crashes while being played
Verify no patches or updates are available from the developer of the game. See our game developer page for a listing of links to game company pages. Many times the game developer will list the available drivers. If you are not sure who the developer of a game is, use a popular search engine and search for drivers for your game. In most cases a game will start out as version 1.0.
Other programs running in the background while playing a game can cause issues. Make sure all programs and TSRs are closed; additional information about closing all programs can be found on document CHTSR. If you still continue to run into issues, try installing the program from Safe Mode.
Make sure you have the latest updates for your video and sound card. A listing of video drivers can be found on our video card drivers page. Verify you have the latest sound drivers for your sound card. A listing of sound drivers can be found on our sound card drivers page.
If the above recommendations do not resolve your issues, attempt to install the game again.
Problems with video
Verify you have the latest video drivers for your video card. A listing of video drivers can be found on our video card drivers page.
If the game utilizes Microsoft DirectX it is possible you may have an issue with DirectX that was caused during the installation of another game or program. Make sure you have the latest version of DirectX installed on the computer. Additional information about DirectX can be found on our DirectX page.
Problems with sound
Verify you have the latest sound drivers for your sound card. A listing of sound drivers can be found on our sound card drivers page.
See document CH000201 for additional information about games and sound related issues.
Problems connecting to an online game server
Verify no patches or updates are available from the developer of the game. Many times to connect to a game you must be running the same version as the server. See our game developer page for a listing of links to game company pages. Many times the game developer will list the available drivers. If you are not sure who the developer of a game is, use a popular search engine and search for drivers for your game. In most cases a game will start out as version 1.0.
Some games require additional software to be installed before they can connect to online servers. For example, many games require GameSpy. If your game requires these programs, verify they are installed on your computer.
Wait an hour or so and try connecting to the server again. Many times a server may crash because of a problem and/or go down for an update. Of course, when this occurs it is more than likely you will not be able to connect or view servers.
In-game help, hints, walkthroughs, and/or advice
Try searching our web page for additional help, hints, walkthroughs, and/or advice on a game. Unfortunately, because we are not a web page dedicated to computer gaming, we do not have a very extensive database of computer game information. If you cannot find what you are looking for, we recommend you try the third-party game pages listed on our network and/or try searching using your favorite search engine.
Basic Microsoft Internet Explorer troubleshooting.
Additional information:
This document was created as a location to find basic steps to perform when attempting to troubleshoot problems in Microsoft Internet Explorer. Before following the recommendations in solutions, make sure you have reviewed each of the issues listed on our Internet Explorer page to make sure they do not apply to your issue.
Clear your Internet browser history. Additional information and help with doing this can be found on document CH000510.
Clear any "Unknown" or "Damaged" downloaded programs by clicking the Tools menu, Internet Options, click the Settings button, click the View Objects... button, and selecting each of the programs that are damaged or unknown and pressing the delete key. If you're unable to delete an object it may be part of an add-on, step six gives additional information about disabling and deleting add-ons.
Verify that your Security settings under Tools menu, Internet Options are set to medium at the most. Some web pages may not function properly if the security settings are set too high.
Restore defaults for advanced Internet options by opening the Tools menu, Internet Options, click the Advanced tab, and clicking the Restore Defaults button.
Disable and/or uninstall all Internet Explorer Add-ons. To do this Click Tools, Internet Options, clicking the Programs tab, and then click the Manage add-ons button. In the Manage add-ons window highlight each of the add-ons and then select Disable or if this is something you wish to delete click the Delete button. Not all programs will have the option to delete, if this add-on is a toolbar, toolbars and many other add-ons are usually deleted through the Add/Remove programs.
Close Internet Explorer.
Open one Internet Explorer window and try again.
If the issue persists make sure your browser has not been hi-jacked by following the recommendation on document CH000578.
Make sure you have all the latest updates from Microsoft's Windows update page. Additional information about how to perform Windows updates can be found on document CH000545.
If you have any popup blockers installed on the computer try disabling the popup blocker and/or uninstalling the popup blocker. Some popup blocker programs can cause additional issues with the browser.
If all the above recommendations do not resolve your issue, this issue has recently started occurring, and you are running Microsoft Windows XP, you can also do a system recover back to an earlier date. Additional information about how to do this can be found on document CH000589.
This document has been created as a location of general steps that can be taken to help you with problems you may be experiencing with computer software programs and software utilities. Below are some reasons why a user may follow the steps in this document.
Unknown or undocumented problem with a computer software program.
Issue opening and/or running a software program.
Solutions:
Unable to install a software program
Verify the diskettes or CD are readable by reading the files on the drive. For example, MicrosoftWindows users can explore the drive in Windows explorer. If the CD attempts to AutoPlay, you may need to right-click the drive and click Explore to browse the drive. If you are having problems with reading a CD, please see document CH000212.
If the CD reads fine with no errors verify your computer meets the minimum requirements of the software program. If your computer does not have enough disk drive space or does not meet the requirements, the program will not install.
Make sure the program or utility you are installing is compatible with the version of operating system you have on your computer. For example, many older utilities such as a virus protection program may only work with a specific version of Microsoft Windows.
If you are getting stopped at the CD-KEY or Serial Number verification, verify you are entering your correct number. If you lost your number or key or it does not work, you will need to contact the developer of the program. Computer Hope will not provide any users with an alternate identification number.
Error during installation
Verify your computer meets the requirements of the program or utility. For example, if your computer runs out of disk space during the installation, this would cause an error during the installation.
If you are running Microsoft Windows 95 or higher try installing the program from Safe Mode.
Verify the CD is clean and contains no significant scratches. Information about how to clean a CD and a CD-ROM can be found on our cleaning page.
Program or utility does not load or has an error when it attempts to load
Verify the program or utility documentation makes no mention of the error you are experiencing. Many times the error and explanation to how to resolve the error are already documented.
Verify no patches or updates are available from the developer of the program or utility. In some cases the software program may require an update before it can be successfully run on your computer.
Make sure all other programs are closed when you attempt to run the program or utility. If the program successfully runs after closing all other programs, it's possible that the program may have issues with other programs.
Make sure the computer has been rebooted at least once after the program has been installed. In some cases it may be required.
Verify your computer has the correct date. In some cases a program may rely on the date and if that date is incorrectly set it may cause issues. Additional information about setting the date can be found on document CH000554.
If following the above recommendations does not resolve your issues, attempt to reinstall the program or utility.
This document has been created as a location of general steps that can be taken to help you with problems you may be experiencing with Microsoft DOS that are either general problems and/or problems not documented elsewhere in the Computer Hope database. Users who also have Microsoft Windows on their computer should refer to the basic troubleshooting document for Windows instead of following the directions on this page; see our basic troubleshooting page for links to the appropriate document.
Below are some reasons why a user may follow the steps in this document.
Unknown or undocumented problem with computer running Microsoft DOS.
Performance issues with the computer, for example, the computer running slowly.
Users who wish to run maintenance on the computer or potentially speed up the computer.
Users looking for steps to help resolve an issue or that may help in locating the cause of an issue.
Users may find explicit documented questions and answers on our MS-DOS Q&A page. Users looking for additional help with MS-DOS and/or information about its commands should refer to our main MS-DOS page.
Solutions:
Error messages encountered during boot
Before following the below steps, please make sure that the error you are encountering is not already documented on Computer Hope by performing a quick search for the error and by looking through our MS-DOS Q&A section.
Ensure that your computer BIOS settings are correctly configured to the hardware that is installed in your computer. Improper settings in the BIOS may cause various types of errors when first booting an IBM compatible computer. These errors often occur as the computer is first booting and may stop the load process of the computer.
Errors that are encountered during boot are commonly due to a misconfiguration with your autoexec.bat or config.sys. We recommend that you edit your autoexec.bat and/or config.sys and look for any abnormalities. Additional information and help with the autoexec.bat and config.sys can be found on our autoexec.bat / config.sys page.
Other error messages
If you are experiencing other error messages it is likely these errors are being caused by the software program you are running and/or a hardware device you are attempting to utilize. It is recommended you see the basic troubleshooting section for your hardware device or software program. If you are having errors running a command in MS-DOS, please see our MS-DOS main page for syntax of each of the MS-DOS commands and additional information about each of the commands.
Computer running slowly
Make sure your autoexec.bat and config.sys are optimized. Changing the way programs load into memory, removing lines that are not necessary, and changing the order of lines in your config.sys can all help with improving the speed of your computer. See our autoexec.bat / config.sys page for additional information.
Make sure your computer has at least 50MB of free hard disk drive space. If your computer has less than 50MB free, it may cause the computer to operate more slowly.
Run Microsoft Scandisk and Defrag on the computer. Additional information and help with these commands can be found on our scandisk page and our defrag page.
From the MS-DOS prompt C:\> type chkdsk /f, if this gives you a bad command or file name, type cd\dos and press enter to get into the DOS prompt and try it again.
Delete all the temporary files and any scandisk error files. From the MS- DOS prompt C:\> type del *.tmp to delete all temporary files, also type del *.chk. Once the files have been deleted, type cd\dos to get into the DOS directory and delete the *.tmp and *.chk files like was done earlier.
Ensure your computer has the latest drivers for the hardware devices installed in your computer.
Issue with hardware device
If you are having difficulties with a hardware device, please see our basic troubleshooting section for steps that can be taken to help resolve your hardware issues.
If a computer is unable to connect to a network or see other computers on a network, it may be necessary to troubleshoot the network. A network may not work because of any of the below reasons.
Network card not connected properly.
Bad network card drivers or software settings.
Firewall preventing computers from seeing each other.
Connection related issues.
Bad network hardware.
Solution:
Because of the large variety of network configurations, operating systems, setup, etc... not all of the below information may apply to your network or operating system. If your computer is connected to a company or large network, or you are not the administrator of the network, it is recommended that if you are unable to resolve your issues after following the below recommendations that you contact the network administrator or company representative.
Note: If you are being prompted for a Network password and do not know the password, Computer Hope is unable to assist users with obtaining a new or finding out the old password.
Verify connections / LEDs
Verify that the network cable is properly connected to the back of the computer. In addition, when checking the connection of the network cable, ensure that the LEDs on the network are properly illuminated. For example, a network card with a solid green LED or light usually indicates that the card is either connected or receiving a signal. Note: generally, when the green light is flashing, this is an indication of data being sent or received.
If, however, the card does not have any lights or has orange or red lights, it is possible that either the card is bad, the card is not connected properly, or that the card is not receiving a signal from the network.
If you are on a small or local network and have the capability of checking a hub or switch, verify that the cables are properly connected and that the hub or switch has power.
Adapter resources
Ensure that if this is a new network card being installed into the computer that the card's resources are properly set and/or are not conflicting with any hardware in the computer.
Users who are using Windows 95, 98, ME, 2000 or XP, verify that Device Manager has no conflicts or errors. Additional help and information about Device Manager and resources can be found on our Device Manager page.
Adapter functionality
Verify that the network card is capable of pinging or seeing itself by using the ping command. Windows / MS-DOS users ping the computer from a MS-DOS prompt. Unix / Linux variant users ping the computer from the shell.
To ping the card or the localhost, type either
ping 127.0.0.1
or
ping localhost
This should show a listing of replies from the network card. If you receive an error or if the transmission failed, it is likely that either the network card is not physically installed into the computer correctly, or that the card is bad.
Protocol
Verify that the correct protocols are installed on the computer. Most networks today will utilize TCP/IP, but may also utilize or require IPX/SPX and NetBEUI.
Additional information and help with installing and reinstalling a network protocol can be found on document CH000470.
When the TCP/IP protocol is installed, unless a DNS server or other computer assigns the IPX address, the user must specify an IP address as well as a Subnet Mask. To do this, follow the below instructions.
Click Start / Settings / Control Panel
Double-click the Network icon
Within the configuration tab double-click the TCP/IP protocol icon. Note: Do not click on the PPP or Dial-Up adapter, click on the network card adapter.
In the TCP/IP properties click the IP address tab
Select the option to specify an IP address
Enter the IP address and Subnet Mask address, an example of such an address could be:
IP Address: 102.55.92.1 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.192
When specifying these values, the computers on the network must all have the same Subnet Mask and have a different IP Address. For example, when using the above values on one computer you would want to use an IP address of 102.55.92.2 on another computer and then specify the same Subnet Mask.
Firewall
If your computer network utilizes a firewall, ensure that all ports required are open. If possible, close the firewall software program or disconnect the computer from the firewall to ensure it is not causing the problem.
Additional time
In some cases it may take a computer some additional time to detect or see the network. If after booting the computer you are unable to see the network, give the computer 2-3 minutes to detect the network. Windows users may also want to try pressing the F5 (refresh) key when in Network Neighborhood to refresh the network connections and possibly detect the network.
Additional troubleshooting
If after following or verifying the above recommendations you are still unable to connect or see the network, attempt one or more of the below recommendations.
If you have installed or are using TCP/IP as your protocol you can attempt to ping another computer's IP address to verify if the computer is able to send and receive data. To do this, Windows or MS-DOS users must be at a prompt and Linux / Unix variant users must open or be at a shell.
Once at the prompt assuming, that the address of the computer you wish to attempt to ping is 102.55.92.2, you would type:
ping 102.55.92.2
If you receive a response back from this address (and it is a different computer), this demonstrates that the computer is communicating over the network. If you are still unable to connect or see the network, it is possible that other issues may be present.
Another method of determining network issues is to use the tracert command if you are a MS-DOS or Windows user or the traceroute command if you are a Linux / Unix variant user. To use this command you must be at the command prompt or shell.
Once at the prompt, assuming that the address is again 102.55.92.2, type:
